Retort coke-oven.



PATENTED FEB. 14, 1905.

RETRT COKE OVEN.

MPLIUANON FILED MAY s1, 1904.

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No. 782,259. PATENTED FEB. 14, 1905. O. S. MASON.

RETORT COKE OVEN.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 31, 1904.

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O. S. MASON.

RBTORT COKE OVEN.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 3l, 1904.

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No. 782,259. PATENTED FEB. 14, 1905. O. S. MASON.

RETORT COKE OVEN.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 31, 1904.

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I INV NTOR. .p/bx` Patented February 14, 1905.

PATENT Ormea,

OLYDE S. MASON, OF BUFFALO, NEV YORK.

RETORT COKE-OVEN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 782,259, dated February14, 1905.

Application tiled May 3l, 1904. Serial No. 210,487.

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Be it known that l', OLYDE S. UAsoN, a residentof Buffalo, in the countyof Erie and State of New York, have invented a new and usefulImprovement in Retort Coke-Ovens; and Ido hereby declare the followingto be a full, clear, and exact description thereof.

My invention relates to retort coke-ovens; and its object is to secure amore uniform distribution of the gases around the ovens and to equalizethis distribution when necessary, so as to uniformly coke the charge ofcoal.

ln the acconmanying drawings, Figure lis a horizontal section through myimproved oven, the section being taken partly through the ovens andpartly through the combustionchambers below the ovens, said sectionbeing' indicated by the line 1 l on Fig. el. Fig. L) is a verticalsection through an oventransversely through the regenerators, saidsection being indicated on the line 2 Q, Fig. l. Fig. 3 is a similarsection taken through the vertical tlues in the side walls of the ovens,said section being' indicated on the line 3 3, Fig. I; and t is avertical section transversely through the ovens and lengthwise of aregenerator, said section being taken on the line t 4r, Fig. l.

A well-known type of retort coke-oven in quite extensive use is known asthe lloli'- mann" or the Otto-l'lotfmann oven, this comprising a batteryor series of horizontal retortovens with vertical heating-fines betweenthe walls of adjacent ovens, which heating-fines at their lower endscommunicate with combustion-chambers located below the ovens and attheir upper ends communicate with a horizontal flue connecting the twosides of the series of ovens. 'lhe coml)ustion-ehambers at each side ofthe battery communicate with a regenerator located underneath or at somepoint adjacent to that side of the battery and in which the air isheated prior to entering the combustion-chamber, where it is mingledwith the gas. ln the operation of these ovens the air enters firstthrough the regenerator on one side of the battery, is heated therein,thence passes up into the combustion-chambers on that side, where it ismingled with the gas and burned, the heated products of combustionpassing' up through the vertical heatingflues between the walls ofadjacent ovens, thus heating the latter, thence by means of thehorizontal liuc over to the other side of the battery of ovens, downthrough the vcrtical fines and through the regenerator on that side, andthence to the stack, the waste heat thus heating' the checker-work inthe lastnained regenerator. After a certain period of operation'-sayabout thirty minutes nthe course of the air and gas through theregenerators and oven is reversed, as is well known, thel newly-heatedregenerator serving to heat the incoming air` while the otherregenerator is reheated by the wastel products of combustion. 'lheobjection to this type of oven is that the heated gases rising from thecombustion-elmml)ers are not equally distributed through the verticallilies, neither is there anyway of equalizing or regiilating the flow ofgases through the vertical fines so as to uniformly distribute the same.As a result, the charge of coal in the coking-ovens is not uniformlycokcd. My invention iinproves on this type of oven by providing meansfor equalizing the distribution of the hot gases in the verticalheating-tlues so as to uniformly coke the coal. 'lliis l attain byproviding above the vertical lines one or more horizontal tlues inaddition to the horizontal flue which is in use with the llotlmann ovenfor carrying the gases from one side of the battery to the oppositeside, which additional horizontal llue or tlues extend from the centralline of the battery out to the sides thereof, and 'the walls betweensaid horizontal [lues being provided with openings which are controlledby regulating-rlampers.

In the accompanying'ilrawings l have shown my invention applied to aIlotl'mann oven substantially' the same as that shown in United StatesPatent No. 91400, granted February Q8, 1893, to (ustav Hoffmann. l havenot deemed it essential to show all of the details ofsaid oven, as thesame will be readily understood by reference to the patent above named,or by those familiar with ovens of this type.

The cokingovens are formed as long narrow chambers l, built up bymasonry and extending Vfrom side to side of the masonry .lOO

structure. These ovens are closed at their ends 2 by means of gas-tightdoors. The coal is supplied through openings 3 through the top wall ofthe ovens, which openings are also closed by gas-tight doors, or thecoal may be introduced in compressed cakes through the doors 2. rl`hegas developed by the coking of the coal is led away by pipes 4 andconduit 5 to the condenser. (Not shown.) When the gas has been cooledoff in the condenser and separated from the tar and ammonia, it isreturned to the oven for combustion, or gas produced in some other wayis supplied to the oven for combustion. The gas is returned from thecondenser or other source through the conduit 6 and is conductedalternately into the supply-pipes 7 and 8, which are controlled bysuitable valves 9 and 10, the position of these valves determining intowhich pipe the gas enters. From these pipes the gas passes through thesmall branch pipes or burners 11 and 12 into the combustionchambers 13and 14, in which it is burned. The air for the combustion of the gas isforced by any suitable apparatus through the conduit l5 and by anordinary reversing or deflecting damper 16 of the butterfly or other thecanal 18.

type is diverted either into the canal 17 or These canals lead,respectively, to the two regenerators 19 and 20, which are located belowor at some point adjacent to the combustion-chambers and which arefilled with checker-work, as is common. The air passes through one ofthese regenerators, is heated therein, and then enters, by means offlues21, into the combustion-chambers on that side of the battery wherein itis mixed with the gas and burned. rlhe hot products of combustion passfrom the combustion-chambers through ports 22 into the verticalheating-flues 23, located in the walls between adjacent ovens, thusheating the latter. Above these vertical [lues 23 and also in the wallsbetween adjacent ovens are the horizontal flues 24, which lead over tothe opposite side of the battery. As

a result, the air and gas are burned on one side of the battery, pass upthrough the vertical flnes 23 on that side, thence by means of thehorizontal iues 24 over to the opposite side of the battery, downthrough the vertical fiues 23, and into the regenerator on that side ofthe furnace, heating the'checker-work therein,and thence through thecanal 17 or 18, as the case may be, to the stack. Periodically thereversing-valve is shifted and the gas-valves 9 and 10 are changedwthatis, the one closed and the other opened. The course of the air and gasis then through the furnace in the opposite direction, as will bereadily understood.

The oven so far described is or may be of the usual type and issubstantially the same as shown and described in Patent No. 492,400,

above referred to. In such ovens only a on Fig. 2 of Patent No. 492,400.Writh such arrangement there is liability of more of the heated gasesHowing up through some of the vertical flues 23 than through others,thus producing the unequal distribution of gases and correspondingnon-uniformity in the coking above referred to. My invention is appliedat this point. It consists in providing one or more additionalhorizontal iues above the vertical flues 23. On the drawings I haveshown two such additional horizontal flues 25 and 26, respectively,although only one or more than two might be used, if desired. Theseflues preferably extend from the rnedian line or wall 27 of the batteryout to the sides thereof, so that all gases will eventually have to passthrough the upper flue 24 in order to reach the opposite side of thebattery. The walls 28 and 29, which separate the several horizontal ues,are provided with a series of openings 30, the number of which may bevaried; but preferably there will be three such openings arrangedsubstantially as shown that is, inthe lower wall 28 there will be anopening substantially at the middle and one at each end thereof, whereaswith the upper wall 29 there will be an opening at the outer end and twointermediate the ends, but none at the inner end thereof. rlhe openingsin the walls 28 and 29 are preferably out of line with each other, sothat the flow of gases can be more easily equalized. If only oneadditional flue is used, it will correspondl with the flue 25, and theopenings and valve arrangement will be the same as shown in the wall 29.lf more than two additional fiues are used, all of the walls below theupper one will preferably have the same openings and valve arrangementas shown in the wall 28. These additional horizontal flues and thevarious openings therethrough serve to dis-` tribute and equalize theiow of the gases through the vertical flues 23. Preferably the openingsthrough the horizontal walls will be regulated by means of suitablevalves, so that the liow of gases can be equalized as far as possible.These valves may be of any type, those shown being ordinary refractorybrick or blocks 31, resting on the upper surfaces of the walls and theposition of which can be changed by inserting a suitable bar 33 throughopenings 32 in the side walls. These openings also serve asobservationor peep holes and may be used by introducing additional gas-burners, asmay be desirable at times, as when speeding the ovens.

In the operation of my oven the air and gas will be periodicallyreversed and will iiow through the oven in exactly the same way as inthe well-known Homann oven, the only difference being in providing theone or more additional horizontal flues, together with openings andregulating-valves in the walls separating the horizontal flues, so thatthe flow of the hot gases through the vertical IOO ltlues can beequalized and uni't'orm coliing' ot' the coal in the adjacent ovens beproduced. As above stated, the nmnber of these additional tiues is notessential, neither is the precise arrangement of openings through thewalls separating' the tiues shown in the drawings absolutely essential.These details may be varied within wide limits without departing' fromthe spirit of my invention.

lYhat l claim isl. In a retort seizing-oven, the combination ot' aseries ot' horizontal retort-ovens, combustion-chambers below the same,vertical heating-tlues arranged betweenvadjacent ovens and communicatingat their lower ends with the c(nnbustitm-chanlbers, and a plurality ot'horizontal` fines between adjacent ovens, one ot said finescommunicating' with the upper ends of the vertical lines and anotherotsaid lines extending' from side to side of the series ot' ovens. thewall or walls separating said horizontal l'iues being' provided withopenings for equalizing' the liow of the gases.

*2. ln a retort coke-oven, the combination ot a series ot horizontalretort-ovens, combustion-chambers below the same, vertical heating-tlues between adjacent ovens and communicating at their lower ends withthe combustion-chambers, a plurality ot' horizontal iues betweenadjacent ovens, one of said l'lues communicating' with the upper endsot' the vertical tiues and another ot' said lines extending' t'rom sideto side ot' the series of ovens, the wall or walls separating saidhorizontal flues being' provided with openings, and regulating valves ordam pers for said openings.

3. In a retort coke-oven, the combination ot a series of horizontalretort-ovens, combustion-chambers below the same, vertical heating-finesbetween adjacent ovens and communicating' at their lower ends with thecombustion-chambers, a plurality of horizontal tlues between adjacentovens, one of said horizontal lines communicatingl with the upper endsot' the vertical iiues and another o't` said iiues extending' from sideto side of the series of ovens. the wall or walls separating saidhorizontal tlues being provided with openings, refraetm'y bloc-lts forregulating' the size ot' said openings, and holes in the oven-wall forthe insertion ot' a rod t'or moving said blocks.

4. ln a retort coke-oven, the combination ot' a series ot' horizontalretort-ovens, combustion-chambers below the same, vertical heating-finesbetween adjacent ovens and comuninicating' at their lower ends with thecombustion-chambers, and three horizontal iiues between adjacent ovens,the lower one of said tlues communicating' with the upper ends of thevertial tlues and the upper one of said tlues extending from side toside ot' the series of ovens, the walls separating' said fines being'provided with openings out of line with each other whereby the iow ot'gases is equalized.

In a retort coke-oven, the combination of a series of horizontalretort-ovens, combustion-chambers below the same, reg'encrators adjacentto said combustion-chambers and communicating' therewith, verticalheating'- tlues between adjacent ovens and communieating at their lowerends with the combustion-chambers, a plurality ot' horizontal tluesbetween adjacent ovens, one ot said horizontal lines communicating' withthe upper ends of the vertical tiues and another of said horizontaltlues extending Vtrom side to side otl the series ot' ovens, and thewall or walls separating' said horizontal fines being' provided withopenings for regulating the fiow o l gas through the vertical tiues.

6. In a retort colte-oven, the combination of a series of horizontalretort-ovens, combustion-chambers below the same, reg'enerators adjacentto said combustion-chambers and communicating' therewith, verticalheating'- tiues between adjacent ovens and communieating' at their lowerends with the combustion-chambers, a plurality of horizontal tluesbetween adjacent oven-walls, one ol said l'iues communicating' with theupper ends ot' the vertical tlues and extending' from the median lineot' the series ot' ovens to the side thereof, and another ot' said tluesextending' from side to side of the series otl ovens, the wall or wallsseparating' said horizontal tlues being' provided with opening's, andreg'ulating' dampers or valves for said openings.

T. ln a retort colte-oven, the combination of a series otl horizontalretort-ovens, combustion-chambers below the same, regenerators adjacentto said combustion-chambers and communicating therewith, verticalheating'- lues between Yadjacent ovens and communicating' at their lowerends with the combus, tion-chambers, three horizontal lines betweenadjacent ovens and located one above the other, the lower one of saidtlues communicating' with the upper ends ot' the vertical ilues and theupper oneot' said horizontal tiues extending' from side to side ot' theseries ol ovens, and g'as-erualizing' openings through the wallsseparating said llues, said openings being in diti'erent verticalplanes.

In testimony whereoi" l, the said Cnvpr: S. MAsoN, have hereunto set myhand.

CLYDE S. MASON.

Witnesses:

W'M. J. Nimaia, HAROLD B. Stmas.

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